IB Design Technology Topic A1.1: Ergonomics Key Definitions

Adjustability is the ability of a product to change in size or form to suit a wider range of user sizes or percentiles, improving comfort, fit, and usability.

Measurement of the human physical dimensions (e.g., height, arm length, reach), collected as static or dynamic data and often expressed in percentile ranges.

Research and analysis of the mechanics (operation of our muscles, joints,
tendons, etc.) of the human body.

The physical space between two objects.

Dynamic anthropometric data are body measurements taken when a person is in motion, such as during walking, reaching, or bending.

Ergonomics is the relationship and interaction between people (aspects of the human body) and the products, systems, and environments they use.

Physical or mental exhaustion during repetitive or prolonged tasks.

Multisensory design involves engaging two or more senses such as sight, sound, and touch to create a richer, more immersive user experience.

A percentile is a value that shows how a data point compares to the rest of the data, dividing the set into 100 equal parts.

A percentile range represents the proportion of a population whose body dimensions fall at or below a certain value.

Physiology is the study of the human body’s systems and biomechanics, focusing on its responses, capabilities, and physical limitations in relation to product use.

Human factor data related to physical characteristics used to optimise the
user’s safety, health, comfort and performance.

Human factor data related to psychological interpretations caused by light,
smell, sound, taste, temperature and texture.

Psychology in design is the study of how users think, feel, and respond to sensory information, helping designers create products that are more intuitive, engaging, and effective.

A range of sizes refers to a selection of product sizes designed to accommodate the majority of users within a target market, often based on anthropometric data.

The range that a person can stretch to touch or grasp an object from a specified
position.

Static anthropometric data are body measurements taken when a person is still and in a standard position, such as arm length or overhead reach.

A fixed 3D space where a user can comfortably and efficiently perform tasks, considering clearance and reach.