IB Global Politics Theory in Global Politics Key Definitions

A critical theory that challenges realism and liberalism. Argues that global politics is socially constructed through norms, beliefs, identities, and discourse. Rejects the idea of a single objective reality, what matters is how we interpret and give meaning to things.

Critiques liberalism and realism for ignoring the experiences of women in global politics. Emphasizes patriarchy, the idea that systems are structured to benefit men and exclude women from power.

Liberalism is a major theory of global politics, seen as a response to realism. It emphasizes cooperation, interdependence, and the role of non-state actors. Unlike realism, it sees the international system as capable of change and progress.

Based on Karl Marx's theory, but applied to global systems. Focuses on class conflict, not just within states but between wealthy and poor countries. Emphasizes how capitalism and global economic structures create inequality and dependency.

Focuses on the lasting impact of colonialism and imperialism on global politics. Argues that Western forms of knowledge and power continue to marginalize non-Western societies. Sees global politics as shaped by race, culture, and discourse, not just economics or state power.

A major theory in global politics focused on power and the idea that international relations are shaped by conflict and self-interest.

Theoretical pluralism is the practice of drawing on multiple theoretical frameworks simultaneously when analysing a political issue, rather than applying a single theory exclusively.

It recognises that each theory illuminates certain dimensions of an issue while leaving others in shadow, so combining perspectives produces a fuller account.