MYP Standard Mathematics Sampling Methods and Bivariate Data Key Definitions

Data consisting of pairs of values $(x, y)$ where two quantitative variables are measured for each case.

A measure of the association between two variables, describing whether they tend to increase together, decrease together, or show no consistent pattern.

A measure of how two variables vary together, based on the products of their deviations from their means.

Estimating a value outside the range of the collected data.

Estimating a value within the range of the collected data.

A straight line drawn through the middle of a scatter plot so that points are (roughly) evenly distributed above and below it, used to model and predict relationships.

A data value that lies an unusually large distance from the rest of the data set.

The whole group you want information about (for example, all students in your year group).

A subset of the population from which data are collected.

A list (or other complete listing) of all members of the population from which a sample can be selected.

A graph of paired (bivariate) data points plotted on an $x$-$y$ plane to investigate the relationship between two variables.