MYP Biology Biotechnology Key Definitions

A technique that uses living cells and biomaterials to build biological structures layer by layer.

A controlled system that supplies oxygen, nutrients, and conditions needed for living cells to survive and grow.

A selectively permeable phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that surrounds all cells, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

The process of producing genetically identical copies of a cell or organism using natural or artificial methods.

The process by which humans alter the DNA of an organism by inserting, removing, or changing specific genes to produce desired traits.

A membrane-bound organelle containing chromosomes (DNA) and a nucleolus, which controls cellular activities by regulating gene expression and protein synthesis.

DNA formed by combining genetic material from two different organisms.

A cloning technique in which the nucleus from an adult body cell is inserted into an enucleated egg cell to form an embryo.

Unspecialized cells that can divide and differentiate into many different specialized cell types.

The ability of a cell to develop into any type of cell and form a complete organism.