Loading subject…
Crowdsourcing
The collection of information, ideas or services from a large and geographically dispersed group, usually through a digital platform.
Example
A hazard agency asks the public to submit earthquake intensity reports so that it can map impacts quickly.
E-passport
A machine-readable passport containing a contactless chip with digitally signed identity data, often including biometric information.
Example
A border system checks the chip's digital signature to confirm that the passport data was issued by the stated authority and has not been altered.
Non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
Organizations independent of government involvement, often focused on addressing social, environmental, or humanitarian issues. NGOs address matters of public concern not for profit in the sphere between households (individuals), public administration (governments), and business entities (companies). They are also known as Civil Society Organizations.
Reshoring
The movement of economic activity that was previously carried out abroad back to a firm's home country.
Example
A semiconductor company builds new fabrication capacity in its home country to reduce dependence on distant suppliers.
Resilience
Resilience is the ability of a system, community, or individual to anticipate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from adverse events or disturbances, such as natural disasters, economic shocks, or environmental changes, while maintaining essential functions and structures. It is the ability to absorb externally imposed or internally developed major change without fundamental disruptions to how a system operates.